So if we think about the way that the category of “The Third World” is produced, Mohanty argues that there are multiple discourses such as “scientific”, “literary”, “juridical”, “linguistic” and “cinematic” which play roles in producing this category and linking some concepts and practices to it. For example the unchallenged, pre-given, and mystified links between “The Third World” and “traditional”, “underdeveloped”, or “economically dependent” are the links by which multiple discourses intervene in producing certain meanings for The Third World.
The use of the notion of “The Third World” is then problematic because it actually decontexualizes the context, as if there is a unified Third World with some particular immutable characteristics. This absence of context, or the existence of only one context (that is the context of “relative underdevelopment”), is essential in producing and maintaining the concept of “The Third World”. All people who are living in this context are judged automatically in relation to the word of underdevelopment. So for example if people who are residing in the Middle East are family oriented, since Middle East is called The Third World and underdevelopment is its distinctive feature, these people are judged to be “traditional’, because western family-oriented people are controversially believed to be traditional.
What makes her argument more remarkable, in my point of view, is when she argues that any claim for a coherent feminist subject that does not question how the subject is produced is basically reproducing a western humanist tradition, or what she herself called “the authorizing signature”, as if there is ahistorical, cross cultural, universal, and hegemonic subject regardless of the context of analysis. Mohanty then goes further to argue that the story is not just about building something that is similar to a western humanist tradition, but in order to have a coherent subject at all the feminist scholarship must have “The Third World”, or the Other, in its equation. In other words in order to be a subject, one has to define oneself against something else, or this is the “periphery” which determines the “center”, it’s the “woman” which determines the “man”, and it’s the “East” which defines the “West”.
Having said that, we can consequently conceive from colonial discourses that without an underdeveloped Third World there could be no possibility for a developed First World, without the production of the concept of a “veiled”, “virgin”, “ignorant” and “backward” Third World Woman, a “secular” and “liberated” First World Woman cannot be produced. By representing and appropriating the experiences of people living in The Third World, The First World self-presents itself as the one standing in a privileged position. And this is what actually lay at the heart of Mohanty’s arguments in her essay.
